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Heat Transfer
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Cooling and Solidification
In this model, continuous casting processing of a metal rod from melted to solid state is modeled.
The model describes the fluid and solid flow and heat transport, including the phase transfer from melt to solid. This phase change causes momentum changes, latent heat release and a variation in ph...
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A Transient Analysis of Freeze-drying
Freeze-drying, or lyophilization, is a process for drying heat-sensitive substances such as foods, blood plasma, and antibiotics. The wet substance is frozen and then through sublimation ice or some other frozen solvent is removed in the presence of a high vacuum.
This example models the process...
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Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger
In this model, you will study a part of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, where hot water enters from above. The cooling medium flows through the tubes that, in this model, impose a constant temperature at the walls. Furthermore, the tubes are assumed to be made of stainless steel and the heat flux i...
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Fluid-Structure Interaction in Aluminum Extrusion
In massive forming processes like rolling or extrusion, metal alloys are deformed in a hot solid state with material flowing under ideally plastic conditions. Such processes can be simulated effectively using computational fluid dynamics, where the material is considered as a fluid with a very high...
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Microwave Oven
This is a model of the heating process in a microwave oven. The distributed heat source is computed in a stationary, frequency domain electromagnetic analysis followed. This is followed by a transient heat transfer simulation showing how the heat redistributes in the foodstuff.
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The Action of Boiling Water from Two Adjacent Nozzles
Boiling flow is an example of phase transition initiated by raising the temperature of a liquid above its saturation temperature. It is possible to accomplish this in many ways; in this example by applying an external heat flux to a solid surface in contact with the liquid.
There are three disti...
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RF-Heated Hot Wall Furnace for Semiconductor Processing
Furnace reactors are used in the fabrication of semiconductor industry to grow layers on the wafers. These can also be used for epitaxial growth, which is a key technology for fabrication of electrical devices.
For the wide band gap silicon carbide substance growth takes place in graphite susce...
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Absorbed Radiation (SAR value) in a Human Head
The increasing use of wireless equipment has also increased the amount of radiation energy to which human bodies are exposed. A common property that measures absorbed energy is the SAR value, (specific absorption rate) to determine the amount of radiation that human tissue absorbs.
The human head...
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Heating Circuit
Small-sized heating circuits are used in many applications. For example, in different manufacturing processes, heating circuits are used to heat reactive fluids.
This is a stationary model of a heating circuit, consisting of a thin electrically resistive layer deposited on a quartz glass plate....
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Forced Convection Cooling of Horizontal Circuit Board
In this suite of models, temperature distribution and fluid flow field is modeled with the General Heat Transfer and the Non-Isothermal Flow application modes. By modeling the fluid flow and heat transfer simultaneously the convective transfer is described very accurately. The results are analysed a...
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