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RF Systems
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Absorbed Radiation (SAR value) in a Human Head
The increasing use of wireless equipment has also increased the amount of radiation energy to which human bodies are exposed. A common property that measures absorbed energy is the SAR value, (specific absorption rate) to determine the amount of radiation that human tissue absorbs.
The human head...
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Balanced Patch Antenna for 6 GHz
Patch antennas are compact and easy to fabricate. The layout of the patch and the properties of the printed circuit board determine the radiation pattern.
This model is a full 3D simulation of a patch antenna. It finds the optimum radiation frequency, antenna impedance, and radiation pattern. It...
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Model of an RFID System
An RFID system consists of two main parts:
A tag or transponder with a printed circuit-board (PCB) antenna
A reader unit with a larger RF antennaThe reader antenna generates an electromagnetic field that energizes a chip (IC-circuit) inside the tag. The electromagnetic field is modulated by the ta...
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Photonic Crystal
Photonic crystal devices are periodic structures of alternating layers of materials with different refractive indices. Waveguides that are confined inside of a photonic crystal can have very sharp low-loss bends, which may enable an increase in integration density of several orders of magnitude....
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Microwave Oven
This is a model of the heating process in a microwave oven. The distributed heat source is computed in a stationary, frequency domain electromagnetic analysis followed. This is followed by a transient heat transfer simulation showing how the heat redistributes in the foodstuff.
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Three-Port Ferrite Circulator
A microwave circulator is a multiport device in which a wave incident on Port 1 is coupled only into Port 2; a wave incident on Port 2 is coupled only into Port 3; and so on. Circulators are used to isolate microwave components, for example, to couple a transmitter and a receiver to a common antenna...
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Thermal Drift in a Microwave Filter Cavity
Microwave filters are used to eliminate unwanted frequency components in the output from microwave transmitters. They are typically inserted between a power amplifier and an antenna. The amplifiers are nonlinear and produce harmonics that must be eliminated with filters that have a rather narrow pa...
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Simulation of an Electromagnetic Sounding Method for Oil Prospecting
The Sea Bed Logging method for oil prospecting has emerged as a promising technique during recent years. The method uses a mobile horizontal electric dipole transmitter and an array of seafloor electric receivers. The seafloor receivers measure the low frequency electrical field generated by the sou...
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Electric Field in a Waveguide H-bend
This examples shows how to model a rectangular waveguide for microwaves. A single hollow waveguide can conduct two kinds of electromagnetic waves: transversal magnetic (TM) or transversal electric (TE) waves.
This model examines a TE wave that has no electric field component in the direction of...
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Conical Antenna
Conical antennas are useful for many applications due to their broadband characteristics and relative simplicity.
In this example, we study the antenna impedance and radiation pattern as functions of frequency for a monoconical antenna with a finite ground plane and a 50 ohm coaxial feed. The ro...
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